Allergies are reactions from the immune system to substances that are usually harmless, but the body perceives them as a threat. These substances, known as allergens, can include things like pollen, dust, pet hair, certain foods, or even medications.
Why Do Allergies Happen?
The immune system overreacts to an allergen by releasing chemicals like histamine, which causes the typical symptoms of allergies. This can include anything from sneezing and itching to skin rashes and, in some cases, difficulty breathing.
The Most Common Types of Allergies:
- Respiratory Allergies: Hay fever, for example, is triggered by pollen or dust.
- Food Allergies: Common triggers include foods like peanuts or shellfish.
- Medication Allergies: Some people have reactions to specific medications.
- Skin Allergies: Contact dermatitis occurs when touching certain materials or substances.
How Are Allergies Treated?
To control allergies, it’s best to avoid contact with allergens whenever possible. Over-the-counter antihistamines can help relieve symptoms, and in more serious cases, a doctor may recommend immunotherapy. This treatment involves vaccines that, over time, help the body become less sensitive to the allergen.
If you have frequent symptoms, it’s a good idea to consult a specialist to identify the allergen and find the best treatment. Understanding how allergies work can help you manage them and improve your quality of life—especially during spring, when people with pollen allergies have a rough time.