The West Nile virus is something we’re hearing about more and more, especially when the weather heats up and mosquitoes start showing up everywhere. This virus is mainly spread through the bite of infected mosquitoes. While most people don’t have serious symptoms, it’s important to know what they are so you can stay alert. Here, I’ll explain the symptoms of the West Nile virus and what you should do if you think you’ve caught it.

1. Most cases have no symptoms

First of all, you should know that most people who get the West Nile virus don’t show any symptoms. That’s right, up to 80% of those infected don’t even realize they have it. The body fights it off on its own and that’s it. But for the small percentage of people who do show symptoms, they can range from mild to more severe.

2. Mild symptoms (similar to the flu)

Sometimes, infected people might experience mild symptoms, which are very similar to those of a common flu. These symptoms usually show up between 2 and 14 days after the mosquito bite. The symptoms include:

  • Mild fever: You might feel a bit of a fever, but nothing that will keep you in bed.
  • Headache: Similar to the flu, you might get a mild to moderate headache.
  • Muscle aches and fatigue: You could feel a bit weak, like when you’re about to catch a cold.
  • Skin rash: In some cases, small rashes or spots can appear on the body, though this isn’t very common.

These symptoms usually last for a few days and go away on their own. It’s the usual thing, and you don’t need to do anything special except rest and stay hydrated.

3. Severe symptoms (less common but dangerous)

Now, in more severe cases (which are rare, but they can happen), the virus can affect the nervous system. This usually happens to older people or those with weakened immune systems. The more severe symptoms can include:

  • High fever: Here, we’re not talking about a mild fever anymore; it’s a high fever that really knocks you down.
  • Neck stiffness: Stiffness in the neck is a sign that the virus could be affecting the meninges (the membrane that covers the brain).
  • Disorientation or confusion: If you notice you’re more confused than usual or having trouble concentrating, it’s time to call a doctor.
  • Seizures or tremors: In rare cases, the virus can cause seizures.
  • Partial paralysis: Although it sounds scary, this only happens in a very small fraction of severe cases.

If anyone experiences these symptoms, it’s important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. These cases can be serious, and although they’re rare, they may require hospitalization.

4. How to prevent it

The best way to avoid the West Nile virus is, obviously, to avoid mosquito bites. Here are a few tips:

  • Use mosquito repellents: It’s the most basic, but effective. Apply it especially at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active.
  • Avoid standing water: Mosquitoes lay their eggs in standing water, so avoid having containers with water around the house.
  • Screens on windows: If you live in an area with lots of mosquitoes, it’s best to use screens on windows to keep them out. And if they get in, use mosquito repellents inside.